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Poet and Spanish dramatist; he is the
writer of this more famous nationality of century XX and one of his supreme
artists. Its murder during the first days of the Spanish Civil War made of
him a specially remarkable victim of the Francoism, which contributed that
its work was known. Nevertheless, sixty years after the crime, its valuation
and its universal prestige permanenecen inalterable. It was born in Source
Cattle (Granada), in a family of relieved economic position. It studied
baccalaureate and music in its native city and, between 1919 and 1928, lived
in the Residence of Students, of Madrid, an important center of cultural
interchanges where friend became of Rescuing painter Dalí, the film director
Luis Buñuel and also the poet Rafael Alberti, among others, to those who he
captivated with his multiple talents. It traveled to New York and Cuba in
1929-30. It returned to Spain and it wrote theater works that him made
famous very. He was director of the university theater the Cabin, lecturer,
composer of songs and was much successful in Argentina and Uruguay,
countries to which traveled in 1933-34. His first poems were gathered in
poem Book, of 1921, an anthology that has great profits. In 1922 it
organized with the composer Manuel de Falla, the first festival of sings
jondo, and that same year wrote the Poem indeed of sings jondo, although it
would not publish it until 1931. The First gypsy romancero, of 1928, is a
brilliant poetry example composed from popular materials, and offers a
Andalusia of mythical character by means of overwhelming metaphors and
symbols like the moon, the colors, the horses, the water, or the fish,
destined to transmit sensations where the love and the death emphasize with
force. After Poems in prosa, a great prophetic and Metaphysical cycle in
which the author bets by the pressed ones, without letting wrote in New York
remove to shine its intimate obsessions. The cycle was going to consist of
two books, Poet in New York, written between 1929 and 1930, but that was not
published until 1940, and Earth and Moon, of which some poems were including
in Diván of the Tamarit, concluded in 1934, although also were published
posthumously. Often described as surrealistas, the poems of that key work of
Garci'a Lorca who is Poet in New York, express the horror before the lack by
natural roots, the absence of a unificadora mythology or of a collective
dream which they give sense to an impersonal society, it does violence to
and torn. On the other hand, the incompletos Sonetos of the dark love,
written during one season in the New England (the United States), express
one more a more personal desperation and constitute admirable samples of
eroticism, that only recently have been presented. Another important poem of
Lorca, within the line of neoPopulism, is the Weeping by Ignacio Sanchez
Mejías, of 1935, one chose compound when dying that intellectual bullfigther,
friend of many of the poets of the generation of Lorca. Whereas the Six
galegos poems, of the same year, are able to extend evident the popular
references. The theater of Lorca is, next to the one of Valle-Incla'n, the
most important writing in Castilian during century XX is a theater of a
range very varied with symbols or fantastic personages like the death and
the Moon, lírico, sometimes, with a deep sense of the forces of the nature
and the life. Between its farces, written from 1921 to 1928, they emphasize
Tragicomedy of Don Cristóbal and Retablillo of Don Cristóbal, pieces of
guiñol, and mainly the prodigious shoemaker's wife, an atmosphere work
Andalusian who faces reality and imagination. Also Love of Don Perlimplín
with Belisa in its garden belongs to the category of farce. Of 1930 and 1931
they are the dramas described like - irrepresentables -, the public and So
they spend five years, complex works with influence of the psychoanalysis,
that put in scene the same theater fact, the revolution and the
homosexualidad, from a complex system of correspondences. Two rural
tragedies are Weddings of blood, of 1933, and Barren one, of 1934, where
they combine mythology, poetic worlds and reality. In Doña Rosita the
unmarried one, of 1935, approaches the problem of solterona Spanish,
something that also appears in the house of White Bernarda, concluded in
June of 1936, and that the critic usually considers the work fundamental of
Lorca. In the beginning of his race also it had written two modernist
dramas, the curse of the butterfly (1920) and Mariana Pineda (1927). The
world of Garci'a Lorca supposes a creative capacity, to be able of synthesis
and natural faculty to catch, to express and to combine the greater sum of
poetic resonances, without apparent effort, and to arrive perfectly, not
like result of a technique obtained with effort, but almost of blow. The
variety of forms and tonality is overwhelming, with the love,
presented/displayed in a cosmic and pansexualista sense, sterility, the
childhood and the death like fundamental reasons. Their antifascist
positions and their fame turned to him a fatal victim of the Civil War, in
Granada, where they shot to him.
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Federico García Lorca, English 
Federico Gracía Lorca, Spanish 
